SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AMONG HIV-TB CO-INFECTED PATIENTS
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Keywords
HIV; Tuberculosis; Co-infection; Socio-demographic determinants; Clinical manifestations; Southern Rajasthan
Abstract
Background: HIV and TB together pose a major global health challenge, with co-infection altering disease epidemiology and clinical presentation.
Objective: To assess socio-demographic determinants and clinical manifestations among HIV-TB co-infected patients in Southern Rajasthan.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients (50 HIV seropositive, 50 HIV seronegative). Socio-demographic and clinical details were collected, along with sputum AFB, Mantoux, chest X-ray, and CD4 counts (in HIV-positive). Data were analyzed using SPSS v16.0.
Results: Majority were males (72%) and rural residents (71%). HIV-TB patients more frequently presented with chest pain, weight loss, weakness, lymphadenopathy, and undernutrition, while Mantoux positivity was significantly lower. Radiologically, HIV-TB patients showed mid/lower zone and far-advanced lesions, unlike TB-only patients who more often had upper-zone lesions.
Conclusion: HIV-TB co-infected patients differ significantly in socio-demographic and clinical profiles compared to TB-only cases, underscoring the need for early diagnosis, nutritional support, and tailored management strategies in high-burden regions like Southern Rajasthan.
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Dr. Neha Damor
Assistant Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, RNT Medical College, Udaipur.
Dr. Prem Chand
Junior Specialist, MD Respiratory Medicine, MB Hospital, Udaipur.
Dr. Ankit Bhagora
3Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Dungarpur.