HYPOCALCEMIA IN FULL-TERM JAUNDICED NEONATES FOLLOWING PHOTOTHERAPY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Neonatal jaundice, Phototherapy, Hypocalcemia, Full-term neonates, Serum calcium, Electrolyte imbalance, Pakistan
Abstract
: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition among full-term infants that is routinely treated using phototherapy. Although phototherapy is effective in lowering the concentration of serum bilirubin, it can cause unintended metabolic complications, especially hypocalcemia.
Objective: To determine the frequency and severity of hypocalcemia in full-term jaundiced neonates following phototherapy at Dr Ruth K M Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan.
Material and Methods: This prospective observational study involved 100 full-term infants who received phototherapy due to neonatal jaundice from April, 2024 to September, 2024. The level of serum calcium was determined at baseline and at 48 hours of starting phototherapy. There was also documentation of clinical manifestations of the hypocalcemia.
Results: Serum calcium decreased after phototherapy by a mean of 8.87 ± 0.21 mg/dL to 7.76 ± 0.20 mg/dL. Seventy-eight percent of the neonates developed hypocalcemia (serum calcium <8 mg/dL). Cases of clinical manifestations were recorded in 25 neonates, such as jitteriness, lethargy, and convulsions.
Conclusion: Phototherapy also considerably decreases serum calcium in neonates at full term and has a high occurrence of hypocalcemia. Neonatal phototherapy should also include routine monitoring and preventive measures, such as the use of calcium supplementation.
References
2-Ishfaq H, Kafi N. The Effect of Phototherapy on Serum Calcium and Magnesium Level in Newborns Gestational Age 36 Weeks and Above. Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal. 2022 May 31;72:S264.
3- Sheikh M, Ostadrahimi P. The effect of phototherapy on neonatal calcium and bilirubin levels: a comparison between patients with low and normal G6PD levels.
4- Otašević BS, Petrović BO, Čolak ES, Nikolić TV, Stefanović AO, Nikolić LI. Hypocalcemia of The Newborn Due to Red Blood Cell Transfusion: Case Report A. Hospital Pharmacology-International Multidisciplinary Journal. 2021;8(3):1090-8.
5- Muhssin HJ, Hashim QM, Khudhair AH, Hashim JM, Kadhim MF, Nasrawi AJ. Frequency of hypocalcemia in jaundiced term neonates under phototherapy. Curr Pediatr Res. 2021;25:794-98.
6- Saeed FA, Ashraf I, Hayat SI, Rukh M. Incidence of Hypocalcaemia in Term Jaundiced Infants after Phototherapy. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. 2022 Nov 16.
7- Shrestha S, Dhungana S, Shrestha SK, Shrestha GS, Kakshapati P. Hypocalcemia in Jaundiced Neonates Receiving Phototherapy.
8- Eddala K, Bushra RK. Effect of Phototherapy on Serum Calcium Levels in Physiological Neonatal Jaundice. Journal of Contemporary Clinical Practice. 2024 Jan 30;11:164-9.
9- Sohail H, Halim A, Aaraj S, Mushtaq N. Effect of Phototherapy on Serum Calcium Level in Neonatal Jaundice. Journal of Islamic International Medical College (JIIMC). 2024 Mar 27;20(1):49-53.
10- Khan A, Farhat A, Anwar H, Shamim S, Rehman MU, Khan I. Phototherapy Induced Hypocalcemia in Neonates with Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College. 2021 Mar 2;11(1):4-8.
12- Surendar V, Sheela A, Krishnaprasath S, Sridharan P, Vasanth Raj N, Naveenkumar K. IOT Enabled Bilirubin Level Monitoring and Controlling Using Photo Therapy. In2024 10th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) 2024 Mar 14 (Vol. 1, pp. 2081-2086). IEEE.
13- Surendar V, Sheela A, Krishnaprasath S, Sridharan P, Vasanth Raj N, Naveenkumar K. IOT Enabled Bilirubin Level Monitoring and Controlling Using Photo Therapy. In2024 10th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) 2024 Mar 14 (Vol. 1, pp. 2081-2086). IEEE.
14- Mulye S, Gulhane R, Meshram RJ. The Outcome of Photo-Therapy on Serum Calcium Values in Term Neonates: A Cross Sectional Study. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2021 Dec 16;33(59A):536-9.
15- Pandey P. Role and Responsibility of Nurse During Care of Neonates Undergoing Phototherapy. Journal of Pediatric Disorders and Neonatal Care. 2023;6(1):1-5.
16- METTA S, AASALA ST, SINGH AK, BHAVISHA B, KAPPALA A, KHOKLE S. A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL EXPLORATION OF MATERNAL AWARENESS OF NEONATAL JAUNDICE AND RISK ASSESSMENT. Quantum Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. 2024 Aug 31;3(3):37-55.
17- METTA S, AASALA ST, SINGH AK, BHAVISHA B, KAPPALA A, KHOKLE S. A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL EXPLORATION OF MATERNAL AWARENESS OF NEONATAL JAUNDICE AND RISK ASSESSMENT. Quantum Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. 2024 Aug 31;3(3):37-55.
18- Saha S, Mandal S, Halder A, Das NK, Mondal AH, Kar A. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HYPOCALCAEMIA IN NICU OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL OF EASTERN REGION OF INDIA. Int J Acad Med Pharm. 2023;5(6):1133-6.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Dr. Tufail Ahmed Soomro
Assistant Professor, GMMMC Hospital Sukkur, Pakistan
Dr. Muhammad Imran
Assistant Professor of Paediatrics Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Narowal Medical College Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan
Dr. Sajid Jabbar Shaikh
Senior Medical Officer at Dr Ruth K M Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan
Dr. Waqas Ali
Associate Professor of Paediatric Medicine, Lahore Medical and Dental College Lahore, Pakistan
Dr. Naveed Ullah
Medical Officer, Shaheed Malik Jehan Alam Hospital Lal Qilla Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan.
Dr. Riffat Farrukh
Department of Paediatric Medicine, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi, Pakistan