ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILE OF SALMONELLA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED ENTERIC FEVER.

Abstract

Background:
Enteric fever, primarily caused by Salmonella species, remains a significant public health issue in developing countries. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has further complicated treatment strategies, making surveillance essential for effective clinical management.

Objective:
To determine the antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella species isolated from patients with suspected enteric fever.

Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from January to December 2024 at Dr. B.S. Kushwah Institute of Medical Sciences, Kanpur. Blood samples from 80 patients with clinical features of enteric fever were cultured. Isolates of Salmonella species (n=28) were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Demographic data and resistance patterns were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.

Results: Out of 80 patients, 28 had culture-confirmed Salmonella infection. The highest resistance was observed against Nalidixic Acid (79%), Ampicillin (71%), and Ciprofloxacin (64%). Moderate resistance was noted for Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (54%) and Tetracycline (43%). Low resistance was seen for Chloramphenicol (18%), Ceftriaxone (11%), and Azithromycin (7%). No resistance was detected against Meropenem. No statistically significant difference was found in resistance patterns based on age or gender.

Conclusion: The study highlights a concerning level of resistance to commonly used antibiotics in Salmonella isolates, particularly fluoroquinolones and first-line agents. Meropenem, Ceftriaxone, and Azithromycin remain effective but should be used cautiously. Regular AMR surveillance and judicious antibiotic use are vital for managing enteric fever and preventing further resistance.