TO COMPARE THE INCIDENCE OF COMPLICATIONS IN NEWBORN VENTILATED WITH NIPPV (VS) CONVENTIONAL VENTILATION WITH RDS
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Abstract
Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in preterm infants. Mechanical ventilation is often required but carries significant risks. Objective:To compare the incidence of complications in neonates with RDS managed with NIPPV versus those receiving conventional mechanical ventilation.
Methods:
Study Design and Setting: This comparative observational study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from 15th May 2025 to 14th August 2025.
Sample Size and Sampling: A total of 185 neonates with a diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were included using non-probability consecutive sampling.
Results:The incidence of BPD, pneumothorax, and VAP was significantly lower in the NIPPV group (9.8%, 3.3%, and 2.2%, respectively) compared to the conventional group (22.6%, 11.8%, and 16.1%, respectively). Nasal trauma was noted only in the NIPPV group (8.7%). Gastrointestinal distension was more common in the NIPPV group (13.0%) than in the conventional group (5.4%), though not statistically significant. The NIPPV group had shorter durations of ventilation (38.6 ± 12.4 hrs vs. 72.1 ± 18.7 hrs, p < 0.001) and NICU stay (10.2 ± 3.6 days vs. 13.7 ± 4.9 days, p < 0.001). Mortality rates did not differ significantly between groups.
Conclusion: NIPPV is associated with fewer serious complications and improved short-term clinical outcomes compared to conventional ventilation in neonates with RDS. While minor complications such as nasal trauma and gastrointestinal distension were more frequent with NIPPV, these were manageable.
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Dr. Hifza Aiman
MBBS, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro FCPS Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP) Fellowship in Neonatology, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi
Dr. Sidra Iqbal
MBBS, Harbin Medical University, China FCPS Pediatrics, CPSP Pakistan
Dr. Ehsan Qadir
Consultant Neonatologist & Pediatrician PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi
Dr. Kiran Minhas
MBBS, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi FCPS Pediatrics, CPSP Pakistan Fellowship in Neonatology, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi
Dr. Hina Baby
MBBS, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawabshah Resident Trainee, FCPS Pediatrics, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi
Dr. Saadia Karim
MBBS, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad FCPS Pediatric Medicine, CPSP Karachi
Consultant Pediatrician, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi