STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS: AN OBSERVATONAL STUDY IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a significant global health problem with increasing prevalence and considerable morbidity and mortality. Dyslipidemia is commonly observed in CKD patients, contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis, heightened cardiovascular risk. Understanding the lipid profile abnormalities across different stages of CKD is essential for risk stratification and therapeutic planning. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at [Gajra Raja Medical College Gwalior] over a defined period, including [100] patients diagnosed with CKD, irrespective of age and sex. Patients were categorized according to the stages of CKD based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Exclusion criteria included individuals with nephrotic syndrome, Diabetes, acute kidney injury, and those on lipid-lowering therapy. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure lipid parameters, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Statistical analysis was performed to determine association between lipid abnormalities and severity of CKD. Results: The study demonstrated a high prevalence of dyslipidemia among CKD patients, with progressive worsening noted in advanced stages. Elevated triglyceride and LDL levels were significantly more common in stage IV and V patients compared to early stages. Conversely, HDL cholesterol levels showed a declining trend as kidney function deteriorated. The correlation between declining eGFR and adverse lipid parameters was statistically significant (p < 0.05). These findings highlighted that lipid abnormalities are not only prevalent but also closely associated with disease progression in CKD. Conclusion: The study concludes that dyslipidemia is a frequent metabolic disturbance in CKD patients, intensifying with disease severity. Regular monitoring of lipid profiles is crucial for early detection and management to reduce cardiovascular complications. Timely therapeutic interventions targeting lipid abnormalities may improve clinical outcomes and quality of life in CKD patients.