“A STUDY OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF BREASTFEEDING IN LACTATING MOTHERS OF CHILDREN AGED 0-2 YRS IN AND AROUND SURATHKAL, KARNATAKA.”
Main Article Content
Keywords
Breastfeeding, Infant nutrition, Colostrum, Antibodies, Child development
Abstract
Breastfeeding provides the ideal start to life, with complete natural nutrition that includes vital nutrients, antibodies, enzymes, and hormones, breastfeeding offers the best start in life. Antibody-rich colostrum shields infants from infections and avoids renal overload. Promoting breastfeeding is essential for enhancing children's health, immunity, and general well-being, particularly in developing nations.1 One of the best options for infant feeding worldwide is breastfeeding. Its bioactive ingredients promote growth, increase IQ, improve wellbeing, increase school attendance, and advance children's general development.2, 3 Breastfeeding promotes economic growth and improves nutrition, which benefits families and the country as a whole.3.
References
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2. Mazzocchi A, Giannì ML, Morniroli D, Leone L, Roggero P, Agostoni C, De Cosmi V, Mosca F. Hormones in breast milk and effect on infants’ growth: A systematic review. Nutrients. 2019 Aug;11(8):1845. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6724322/
3. World Health Organization and UNICEF, Infant and young child feeding. Weblog. [Online] Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding [Accessed 17 October 2021].
4. Hanson LA, Korotkova M , Haversen L, et al (2002) Breastfeeding , a complex support system for the offspring. Pediatrics International 44, 347-352[ pubmed] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih .gov/12139555/
5. Saarinen UM, Kesari M. Breastfeeding as prophylaxis against atopic disease: prospective follow-up study until 17 years old. The Lancet. 1995 Oct 21;346(8982):1065-1069. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7564787/
6. Davis MK. Breastfeeding and chronic disease in childhood and adolescence. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 2001 Feb 1;48(1):125-q141. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article /abs/pii/S0031395505702893?via%3Dihub
7. Sattari M, Serwint JR, Levine DM. Maternal implications of breastfeeding: a review for the internist. The American journal of medicine. 2019 Aug 1;132(8):912-920. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30853481/
8. Del Ciampo LA, Del Ciampo IR. Breastfeeding and the Benefits of Lactation for Women's Health. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia/RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2018 Jun;40(06):354-359. https://www.scielo.br/j/rbgo/a/5MnxQ6xkQfsJfwhNZ5JccTf/?lang=en& format=pdf
9. Louis-Jacques A, Alison Stuebe MD. Long-term maternal benefits of breastfeeding. Contemporary Ob/Gyn. 2018 Jul 1;63(7):26-29. https://www.contemporaryobgyn.net/view/ long-term-maternal-benefits breastfeeding
10. Khaled Awawdi, Orsan Yahya, Mohammad Sabbah, Sana Bisharat, Mahdi Tarabeih. Factors Influencing Exclusive Breastfeeding Amongst Arab Mothers in Israel: Social, Cultural, and Occupational Aspects.Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Apr 8;13(8):852. doi: 10.3390 /healthcare1 3080852
11. Tran Huu Bich, Dinh Thi Phuong Hoa, Nguyen Thanh Ha, Le Thi Vui, Dang Thi Nghia, Mats Malqvist. Father's involvement and its effect on early breastfeeding practices in Viet Nam. Matern Child Nutr. 2015 Aug 11;12(4):768–777. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12207.
12. Williams PL, Innis SM, Vogel AM, Stephen LJ. Factors influencing infant feeding practices of mothers in Vancouver. Canadian Journal of Public Health. 1999 Mar;90(2):114-119. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6980178/pdf/41997_1999_Article_BF03404113.pdf
13. Scott JA, Binns CW, Aroni RA. The influence of reported paternal attitudes on the decision to breast‐feed. Journal of paediatrics and child health. 1997 Aug;33(4):305-307. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.14401754.1997.tb01605.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed
14. Kong SK, Lee DT. Factors influencing decision to breastfeed. Journal of advanced nursing. 2004 May;46(4):369-79. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15117348/
15. Radzyminski S, Callister LC. Mother’s beliefs, attitudes, and decision making related to infant feeding choices. The Journal of perinatal education. 2016;25(1):18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC4719110/
16. Sandhya Jagadale, Jyoti A. Salunkhe, Kavita S. Kapurkar, Sangeeta Patil, Naseema V. Kanase.To Assess Knowledge, Attitude and Knowledge of Practice Regarding Breast Feeding among Primi Para Mother. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2015; Vol. 4, Issue 30, April 13; Page: 5121-5127, doi: 10.14260/jemds/2015/748.
17. Madhu Gupta , Arun Kumar Aggarwal. Feasibility Study of IMNCI Guidelines on Effective Breastfeeding in a Rural Area of North India. Indian J Community Med. 2008 Jul;33(3):201-3. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.42067.
18. Poreddi Vijayalakshmi, (1) Susheela T, (2) Mythili D. Knowledge, attitudes, and breast feeding practices of postnatal mothers: A cross sectional survey. International Journal of Health Sciences, Qassim University, Vol. 9, No. 4 (Oct-Dec 2015)
19. Sultania P, Agrawal NR, Rani A, Dharel D, Charles R, Dudani R. Breastfeeding knowledge and behavior among women visiting a tertiary care center in India: A cross-sectional survey. Annals of global health. 2019;85(1):64. doi: 10.5334/aogh.2093.
20. Kumar S, Jha SK, Singh A, Rawat CM, Awasthi S, Bano M, Surana A. Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) Regarding Breastfeeding: A Community based Cross Sectional Study from Rural Uttrakhand. Healthline Journal.org 2015 volume 6 issue2 [Internet]: 17-22
21. Swati Singh, Nitin Tiwari, Anil Kumar Malhotra. A cross-sectional study on exclusive breastfeeding practice among lactating females attending medical college, district Jhansi (U.P) International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health 6(2):1. doi:10.5455/ijmsph. 2017.04082016626
22. Shwetal B, Pooja P, Neha K, Amit D, Rahul P. Knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers for early initiation of breast feeding in the obstetric wards of a tertiary care hospital of Vadodara city.Semantic Scholar [Internet]. 2012 [cited 20 January 2022];Corpus ID: 74183760.
23. Dinesh Kumar, Neeraj Agarwal, H. M. Swami. Socio demographic correlates of breastfeeding in Urban slums of Chandigarh. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences 60(11):461-6. DOI:10.4103 /0019-5359.27973.
24. Gupta A, Dadhich JP, Manazir Ali S, Thakur N. Skilled Counselling in Enhancing Early and Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates: An Experimental Study in an Urban Population in India. Indian pediatrics. 2019 Feb 1;56(2):1-4.
25. D.G. Benakappa, Manikya Raju, , Asha D. Benakappa. Breast-Feeding Practices in Rural Karnataka (India) with Special Reference to Lactation Failure. Pediatric International.1989 AugustVolume31, Issue4:391-398. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200X.1989.tb01323.x
26. M Girish, N Mujawar, P Gotmare, N Paul, S Punia, P Pandey. Impact and feasibility of breast crawl in a tertiary care hospital. J Perinatol. 2013 Apr;33(4):288-91. doi: 10.1038/jp.2012.109
27. Banapurmath, M.C. Nagaraj, Shobha Banapurmath and Nirmala Kesaree. Breastfeeding practices in villages of central Karnataka c.r. July 12,1994; Accepted January 25,1996.
2. Mazzocchi A, Giannì ML, Morniroli D, Leone L, Roggero P, Agostoni C, De Cosmi V, Mosca F. Hormones in breast milk and effect on infants’ growth: A systematic review. Nutrients. 2019 Aug;11(8):1845. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6724322/
3. World Health Organization and UNICEF, Infant and young child feeding. Weblog. [Online] Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding [Accessed 17 October 2021].
4. Hanson LA, Korotkova M , Haversen L, et al (2002) Breastfeeding , a complex support system for the offspring. Pediatrics International 44, 347-352[ pubmed] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih .gov/12139555/
5. Saarinen UM, Kesari M. Breastfeeding as prophylaxis against atopic disease: prospective follow-up study until 17 years old. The Lancet. 1995 Oct 21;346(8982):1065-1069. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7564787/
6. Davis MK. Breastfeeding and chronic disease in childhood and adolescence. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 2001 Feb 1;48(1):125-q141. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article /abs/pii/S0031395505702893?via%3Dihub
7. Sattari M, Serwint JR, Levine DM. Maternal implications of breastfeeding: a review for the internist. The American journal of medicine. 2019 Aug 1;132(8):912-920. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30853481/
8. Del Ciampo LA, Del Ciampo IR. Breastfeeding and the Benefits of Lactation for Women's Health. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia/RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2018 Jun;40(06):354-359. https://www.scielo.br/j/rbgo/a/5MnxQ6xkQfsJfwhNZ5JccTf/?lang=en& format=pdf
9. Louis-Jacques A, Alison Stuebe MD. Long-term maternal benefits of breastfeeding. Contemporary Ob/Gyn. 2018 Jul 1;63(7):26-29. https://www.contemporaryobgyn.net/view/ long-term-maternal-benefits breastfeeding
10. Khaled Awawdi, Orsan Yahya, Mohammad Sabbah, Sana Bisharat, Mahdi Tarabeih. Factors Influencing Exclusive Breastfeeding Amongst Arab Mothers in Israel: Social, Cultural, and Occupational Aspects.Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Apr 8;13(8):852. doi: 10.3390 /healthcare1 3080852
11. Tran Huu Bich, Dinh Thi Phuong Hoa, Nguyen Thanh Ha, Le Thi Vui, Dang Thi Nghia, Mats Malqvist. Father's involvement and its effect on early breastfeeding practices in Viet Nam. Matern Child Nutr. 2015 Aug 11;12(4):768–777. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12207.
12. Williams PL, Innis SM, Vogel AM, Stephen LJ. Factors influencing infant feeding practices of mothers in Vancouver. Canadian Journal of Public Health. 1999 Mar;90(2):114-119. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6980178/pdf/41997_1999_Article_BF03404113.pdf
13. Scott JA, Binns CW, Aroni RA. The influence of reported paternal attitudes on the decision to breast‐feed. Journal of paediatrics and child health. 1997 Aug;33(4):305-307. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.14401754.1997.tb01605.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed
14. Kong SK, Lee DT. Factors influencing decision to breastfeed. Journal of advanced nursing. 2004 May;46(4):369-79. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15117348/
15. Radzyminski S, Callister LC. Mother’s beliefs, attitudes, and decision making related to infant feeding choices. The Journal of perinatal education. 2016;25(1):18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC4719110/
16. Sandhya Jagadale, Jyoti A. Salunkhe, Kavita S. Kapurkar, Sangeeta Patil, Naseema V. Kanase.To Assess Knowledge, Attitude and Knowledge of Practice Regarding Breast Feeding among Primi Para Mother. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2015; Vol. 4, Issue 30, April 13; Page: 5121-5127, doi: 10.14260/jemds/2015/748.
17. Madhu Gupta , Arun Kumar Aggarwal. Feasibility Study of IMNCI Guidelines on Effective Breastfeeding in a Rural Area of North India. Indian J Community Med. 2008 Jul;33(3):201-3. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.42067.
18. Poreddi Vijayalakshmi, (1) Susheela T, (2) Mythili D. Knowledge, attitudes, and breast feeding practices of postnatal mothers: A cross sectional survey. International Journal of Health Sciences, Qassim University, Vol. 9, No. 4 (Oct-Dec 2015)
19. Sultania P, Agrawal NR, Rani A, Dharel D, Charles R, Dudani R. Breastfeeding knowledge and behavior among women visiting a tertiary care center in India: A cross-sectional survey. Annals of global health. 2019;85(1):64. doi: 10.5334/aogh.2093.
20. Kumar S, Jha SK, Singh A, Rawat CM, Awasthi S, Bano M, Surana A. Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) Regarding Breastfeeding: A Community based Cross Sectional Study from Rural Uttrakhand. Healthline Journal.org 2015 volume 6 issue2 [Internet]: 17-22
21. Swati Singh, Nitin Tiwari, Anil Kumar Malhotra. A cross-sectional study on exclusive breastfeeding practice among lactating females attending medical college, district Jhansi (U.P) International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health 6(2):1. doi:10.5455/ijmsph. 2017.04082016626
22. Shwetal B, Pooja P, Neha K, Amit D, Rahul P. Knowledge, attitude and practice of postnatal mothers for early initiation of breast feeding in the obstetric wards of a tertiary care hospital of Vadodara city.Semantic Scholar [Internet]. 2012 [cited 20 January 2022];Corpus ID: 74183760.
23. Dinesh Kumar, Neeraj Agarwal, H. M. Swami. Socio demographic correlates of breastfeeding in Urban slums of Chandigarh. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences 60(11):461-6. DOI:10.4103 /0019-5359.27973.
24. Gupta A, Dadhich JP, Manazir Ali S, Thakur N. Skilled Counselling in Enhancing Early and Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates: An Experimental Study in an Urban Population in India. Indian pediatrics. 2019 Feb 1;56(2):1-4.
25. D.G. Benakappa, Manikya Raju, , Asha D. Benakappa. Breast-Feeding Practices in Rural Karnataka (India) with Special Reference to Lactation Failure. Pediatric International.1989 AugustVolume31, Issue4:391-398. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200X.1989.tb01323.x
26. M Girish, N Mujawar, P Gotmare, N Paul, S Punia, P Pandey. Impact and feasibility of breast crawl in a tertiary care hospital. J Perinatol. 2013 Apr;33(4):288-91. doi: 10.1038/jp.2012.109
27. Banapurmath, M.C. Nagaraj, Shobha Banapurmath and Nirmala Kesaree. Breastfeeding practices in villages of central Karnataka c.r. July 12,1994; Accepted January 25,1996.
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Published
Sep 16, 2025
Article Details
How to Cite
Dr. Shwetha P N., Dr. Kiran Raj H., Dr. Harshith R Shetty, Dr. Edwin Dias, & Dr. Pooja Naik. (2025). “A STUDY OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF BREASTFEEDING IN LACTATING MOTHERS OF CHILDREN AGED 0-2 YRS IN AND AROUND SURATHKAL, KARNATAKA.”. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(8), 499-509. https://doi.org/10.53555/h35ba002
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Author Biographies
Dr. Shwetha P N.
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, East Point College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bidarahalli, Bangalore, India.
Dr. Kiran Raj H.
Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mukka, Mangaluru, India.
Dr. Harshith R Shetty
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mukka, Mangaluru, India.
Dr. Edwin Dias
Professor and HOD, Department of Pediatrics, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mukka, Mangaluru, India.
Dr. Pooja Naik
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mukka, Mangaluru, India.
How to Cite
Dr. Shwetha P N., Dr. Kiran Raj H., Dr. Harshith R Shetty, Dr. Edwin Dias, & Dr. Pooja Naik. (2025). “A STUDY OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF BREASTFEEDING IN LACTATING MOTHERS OF CHILDREN AGED 0-2 YRS IN AND AROUND SURATHKAL, KARNATAKA.”. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(8), 499-509. https://doi.org/10.53555/h35ba002