COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
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Keywords
Computed tomography, Esophageal carcinoma, Liver, Lungs, Tracheobronchial involvement
Abstract
Background: Esophageal carcinoma is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with early detection and accurate staging being crucial for effective management. Computed tomography (CT) plays a vital role in evaluating esophageal carcinoma, providing detailed information on tumor extent, lymph node involvement, and distant metastases. This study aimed to describe the CT findings in patients diagnosed with esophageal carcinoma at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July 2011 to June 2013. A purposive sampling method was used to enroll 53 patients with histopathologically confirmed esophageal carcinoma. CT scans of the chest and abdomen were performed using a standardized protocol, and findings were analyzed using MS Office tools. Data on tumor location, size, local invasion, lymphadenopathy, and distant metastases were recorded and analyzed. Results: The majority of patients presented with advanced disease, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most common histological type (77.4%). CT findings revealed that the middle third of the esophagus was the most frequently involved site (45.3%). Local invasion into adjacent structures was observed in 62.3% of cases, with tracheobronchial involvement being the most common (37.7%). Regional lymphadenopathy was present in 79.2% of patients, while distant metastases were detected in 35.8%, primarily in the liver (22.6%) and lungs (11.3%). Conclusion: CT imaging is a valuable tool for assessing the extent of esophageal carcinoma, aiding in accurate staging and treatment planning. The prevalence of advanced disease at presentation underscores the need for early detection and intervention in this population. These findings underscore the significance of CT in managing esophageal carcinoma in resource-constrained settings.
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Iffat Sultana
Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mohammad Saifullah
Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Morsheda Begum
Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Md. Towhid Hossain
Assistant Professor and Head, Department of Histopathology, National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.