EMERGING BIOMARKERS FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS AND NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA
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Keywords
Interferon Gamma (IFN-γ), Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), Cell-Mediated Immunity (CMI), Complement Receptors (CR), Fc Receptors (FcR), Surfactant Protein A (SP-A) Receptors, Scavenger Receptor Class A, Toll-like Receptors (TLR), and Active Tuberculosis (ATB).
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains a major global health threat, particularly in developing countries. However, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly implicated in pulmonary infections, often mimicking TB clinically and radiologically. Misdiagnosis could cause unsuitable treatment plans and higher morbidity. This research investigates emerging molecular biomarkers that distinguish between MTB and NTM infections, highlighting the clinical significance of accurate identification. N. tuberculosis (NTM) was found in 33 clinical samples using real-time PCR that targeted IS6110 for M. tuberculosis (MTB) and MPT64. Results revealed that 51.5% were MTB-positive, 27.3% NTM-positive, and 21.2% negative for both. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating molecular diagnostics in TB-endemic settings to improve therapeutic outcomes and guide public health strategies.
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Rutuja P. Ingle
Department of Microbiology, Renaissance University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Kondakindi Varshitha
Department of Microbiology, Renaissance University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Pankaj Mall
Department of Microbiology, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Yajushii Arora
School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Pratik Kumar
Department of Bioscience, Manipal University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Minakshi Sharma
DNA Labs CRIS – Centre for Research and Innovative Studies, East Hope Town, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Tanmay Prakash Mahajan
K D Pawar College of Pharmacy, Saoner, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Jagjeet Singh
DNA Labs CRIS – Centre for Research and Innovative Studies, East Hope Town, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Ritik Dogra
DNA Labs CRIS – Centre for Research and Innovative Studies, East Hope Town, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Ankita Singh
DNA Labs CRIS – Centre for Research and Innovative Studies, East Hope Town, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Narotam Sharma
Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Ajay Singh
School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India