Knowledge Attitude and Practices of Women Seeking Abortions in a Tertiary Care Hospital- A Cross-Sectional Study from Central India

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Unsafe abortion remains a significant public health concern, especially in developing countries, including India, where a large proportion of abortions are conducted outside recognized medical facilities. Despite the legalization of abortion under the MTP Act of 1971, the lack of awareness and poor access to contraceptive information continues to contribute to unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortion practices. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices related to abortion among women seeking termination of pregnancy in a tertiary care setting.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, at a tertiary care centre in central India, over ten months from March to December 2024. Out of 167 women who presented for MTP, 100 consenting participants were included. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, obstetric history, reasons for seeking abortion, and awareness about contraception and legal aspects of MTP. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.

RESULTS:

Most participants (86%) were aged 25–34 years; 95% were married and 77% were housewives. Contraceptive failure (39%) and medical reasons (29%) were the main causes for seeking MTP. Although 73% had used contraception, only 18.9% used it regularly. Awareness of emergency contraception was low (23%), and 62% were unaware of MTP complications. Only 26% knew the legal gestational limit. Post-MTP, 29% did not adopt any contraceptive method.

CONCLUSION

There are significant gaps in knowledge and practices related to contraception and MTP legality. Strengthening counseling, public education, and access to family planning services is vital to reduce unintended pregnancies and promote safe abortion practices.