ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (LVH) AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVE TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
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Keywords
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Hypertension, Echocardiography, Calcium Channel Blockers, ACE inhibitors.
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertensive patients and assess the usefulness of antihypertensive therapies in preventing the progression of LVH.
Study Design: Observational
Place and Duration: This study was conducted at, People’s University of Medical and Health Sciences Nawabshah (PUMHS) for a period of 1 year from March 2024 to March 2025.
Methods: In this study 250 hypertension patients were included; 125 of them had regulated blood pressure (≤130/80 mm Hg) and 125 had uncontrolled blood pressure (≥140/90 mm Hg). Using transthoracic echocardiography, echocardiographic parameters such as left ventricular mass (LVM), interventricular septum (IVS), posterior wall thickness (PWT), and left ventricular internal diameter (LVID) were evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, with comparisons made using the Student’s t-test.
Results: In the uncontrolled hypertension group, the mean LVM was 155 g, significantly higher than the controlled group’s 55 g (p < 0.001). Other parameters, such as LVMI (87 g/m² vs. 70 g/m²), IVS (11.1 mm vs. 5.5 mm), PWT (11.1 mm vs. 3.6 mm), and EF% (40% vs. 45%), also showed significant differences (all p < 0.05). While the uncontrolled group received CCBs more often (40%) than the controlled group (20%), the controlled group was prescribed ACE inhibitors/ARBs more frequently (60%) than the uncontrolled group (40%).
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that uncontrolled hypertension is strongly associated with LVH, with significantly higher LVM and adverse echocardiographic outcomes. ACE inhibitors/ARBs were effective for the controlled hypertensive group, and CCBs were used regularly in the uncontrolled hypertensive group. Blood pressure control, coupled with medication and lifestyle interventions, can significantly help in the prevention of LVH progression.
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Iram Jehan Balouch
Associate Professor Cardiology, Sindh Institute of Cardiovascular diseases Hyderabad Pakistan
Ahmed Ali Phulpoto
Assistant Professor Cardiology, People’s University of Medical and Health Sciences Nawabshah (PUMHS) Pakistan
Javed Khurshed Shaikh
Associate Professor Adult Cardiology, Sindh Institute of Cardiovascular diseases Sukkur Pakistan
Amjad Ali Hulio
Assistant Professor Adult Cardiology, Sindh Institute of Cardiovascular diseases Larkana Pakistan
Sarfraz Hussain Sahito
Assistant Professor Adult Cardiology, Sindh Institute of Cardiovascular diseases Khairpur Pakistan
Muhammad Hashim Kalwar
Associate Professor Adult Cardiology, Sindh Institute of Cardiovascular diseases Sukkur Pakistan