ASSOCIATION OF CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION WITH PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANT FEMALE (2022-2023)
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Keywords
calcium supplementation, pregnancy, pregnancy induced hypertension, PIH
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the current study was to investigate the association of calcium supplementation with pregnancy induced hypertension in pregnant mothers.
Methods: The current study used longitudinal research design. The study used both the data collection during antenatal visits and also the data retrieved from the medical records of the patients within the study duration of 6 months.. The population of the current study consisted of the pregnant women who were receiving antenatal treatment at Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) for 06 month from 1st October 2022 to 1st March 2023, Peshawar. The current study chosen 150 pregnant women in the study for data collection. The participants were chosen based on convenience sampling technique. Both the current and retrospective data regarding the pregnancy-induced hypertension and calcium supplementation. Data was analyzed through SPSS. Demographic analysis, descriptive analysis, independent t-test and pearson correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between serum calcium levels and blood pressure.
Results: The results of the study revealed that the average serum calcium level was 9.2 mg/dL, with 43.3% of participants having pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). With calcium supplementation, serum calcium levels increased while both systolic and diastolic blood pressure deceased across both trimesters. The independent t-test showed significantly lower serum calcium in hypertensive participants (8.7 mg/dL) compared to non-hypertensive ones (9.5 mg/dL, t = -4.58, p < 0.001). Pearson correlations revealed moderate to strong negative associations between serum calcium levels and both systolic (r = -0.45) and diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.50), indicating lower calcium is linked to higher blood pressure.
Conclusion: It was observed that there is significant level of the calcium between those having pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), with hypertensive women having lower serum calcium levels.The current study recommended that those women who are pregnant must ensure that they take adequate level of the calcium during the diet or through the supplements for managing blood pressure.
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Lala Rukh
MBBS, Postgraduate Trainee Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, Khyber Teaching Hospital MTI, Peshawar, Pakistan
Muneeba Zubair
MBBS, House Officer in Medicine Department, Naseer Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
Mushda Jamal
MBBS, House Officer in Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, Naseer Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
Nayab Ahmad
MBBS, House Officer in Dermatology Department, Naseer Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
Warda Nasir
MBBS, House Officer in Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, Naseer Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
Naureen Kanwal
MBBS Student, Pak International Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Waheed Ullah Khan
MBBS Student, Kabir Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan