ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY OF SIDDHA FORMULATION SOODHA VALLATHI URUNDAI
Main Article Content
Keywords
Soodha vallathi urundai, Siddha, Herbomineral formulation, Sub acute-toxicity study
Abstract
Background: Soodha vallathi urundai (SVU) is a Siddha formulation indicated for the treatment of chronic ulcers, skin diseases, arthritis, varied pains and cancers. Though this formulation is clinically effective, the degree to which substances are toxic (poisonous) for humans, animals or the environment has not yet been established. Therefore inorder, to investigate the mechanism of toxicity of this formulation, the present study was designed to evaluate the acute and sub acute toxicity of Soodha vallathi urundai according to OECD guidelines.
Materials and Methods: For acute toxicity rats were divided into 2 groups, with 6 rats per group. Group 1 served as the control ( 5% Tween-20) and the other group was treated with soodha vallathi urundai (2000mg/kg) suspended in 5% Tween-20 through oral gavage. The limit test ws performed with soodha vallathi urundai (2000mg/kg). For sub acute toxicity, the animals were divided into four groups of 6 rats in each group. Group-1 animals served as a control. Group II animals received low dose of herbal mixture 200mg/kg, Group III animals received middle dose 400 mg/kg and Group IV animals received high dose of 600 mg/kg (orally)once daily for 28 days respectively.
Results: The assessment study results showed that, no significant changes were observed in the haematological and biochemical parameters, relative organ weight, gross necropsy and histopathological examination with Soodha vallathi urundai
Conclusion: The rWHesults of the present study suggest that Soodha vallathi urundai is safe and non-toxic at its prescribed therapeutic dosage..
References
2. Fowler MW. Plants, medicines and man. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2006 Sep;86(12):1797-804.
3. Gurib-Fakim A. Medicinal plants: traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow. Molecular aspects of Medicine. 2006 Feb 1;27(1):1-93.
4. Norrman J, Söderqvist T, Volchko Y, Back PE, Bohgard D, Ringshagen E, Svensson H, Englöv P, Rosén L. Enriching social and economic aspects in sustainability assessments of remediation strategies–Methods and implementation. Science of the Total Environment. 2020 Mar 10;707:136021.
5. Mench M, Lepp N, Bert V, Schwitzguébel JP, Gawronski SW, Schröder P, Vangronsveld J. Successes and limitations of phytotechnologies at field scale: outcomes, assessment and outlook from COST Action 859. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2010 Sep;10:1039-70.
6. Sharada AC, Solomon FE, Devi PU. Toxicity of Withania somnifera root extract in rats and mice. International journal of pharmacognosy. 1993 Jan 1;31(3):205-12.
7. Brunda S, Nithya K, Anbu N, Kanakavalli K. Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Siddha Formulation Kalingathi Ennai In ACCordance With OECD Guideline. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 2018;5(9):92-100.
8. Brunda S, Nithya K, Anbu N, Kanakavalli K. Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Siddha Formulation Kalingathi Ennai In ACCordance With OECD Guideline. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 2018;5(9):92-100
9. Ibrahim MB, Sowemimo AA, Sofidiya MO, Badmos KB, Fageyinbo MS, Abdulkareem FB, Odukoya OA. Sub-acute and chronic toxicity profiles of Markhamia tomentosa ethanolic leaf extract in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2016 Dec 4;193:68-75.
10. Sellers RS, Mortan D, Michael B, Roome N, Johnson JK, Yano BL, Perry R, Schafer K. Society of Toxicologic Pathology position paper: organ weight recommendations for toxicology studies. Toxicologic pathology. 2007 Aug;35(5):751-5.
11. Yam MF, Lim CP, Fung Ang L, Por LY, Wong ST, Asmawi MZ, Basir R, Ahmad M. Antioxidant and toxicity studies of 50% methanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. BioMed research international. 2013;2013(1):351602.
12. Michael B, Yano B, Sellers RS, Perry R, Morton D, Roome N, Johnson JK, Schafer K. Evaluation of organ weights for rodent and non-rodent toxicity studies: a review of regulatory guidelines and a survey of current practices. Toxicologic pathology. 2007 Aug;35(5):742-50.
13. Ezeja MI, Anaga AO, Asuzu IU. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity profile of methanol leaf extract of Gouania longipetala in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2014 Feb 12;151(3):1155-64.
14. Hoff-Brand AV, Pettit JE. Hematological parameters in essentials of haematology. 4th ed. New Jersey: Blackwell Science; 2000.
15. Teo S, Stirling D, Thomas S, Hoberman A, Kiorpes A, Khetani V. A 90-day oral gavage toxicity study of d-methylphenidate and d, l-methylphenidate in Sprague–Dawley rats. Toxicology. 2002 Oct 15;179(3):183-96.
16. Olson H, Betton G, Robinson D, Thomas K, Monro A, Kolaja G, Lilly P, Sanders J, Sipes G, Bracken W, Dorato M. Concordance of the toxicity of pharmaceuticals in humans and in animals. Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology. 2000 Aug 1;32(1):56-67.
17. Bariweni MW, Yibala OI, Ozolua RI. Toxicological studies on the aqueous leaf extract of Pavetta crassipes (K. Schum) in rodents. Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research. 2018;6(1):1-6.
18. Adeoye BA, Oyedapo OO. Toxicity of erythrophleum guineense. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 2004;1(1):45-54.
19. Brautbar N, Williams II J. Industrial solvents and liver toxicity: risk assessment, risk factors and mechanisms. International journal of hygiene and environmental health. 2002 Jan 1;205(6):479-91.
20. Kazeem M. Hypolipidemic and toxicological potential of aqueous extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria Afzel root in wistar rats. J Med Sci. 2013 May 15;13:253-60.
21. Friedman LS, Martin P, Munoz SJ. Liver function tests and the objective evaluation of the patient with liver disease. Hepatology: a textbook of liver disease. 1996;1:791-833.
22. Lum G, Leal-Khouri S. Significance of low serum urea nitrogen concentrations. Clinical chemistry. 1989 Apr 1;35(4):639-40.
23. El Hilaly J, Israili ZH, Lyoussi B. Acute and chronic toxicological studies of Ajuga iva in experimental animals. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2004 Mar 1;91(1):43-50.
24. Raina P, Chandrasekaran CV, Deepak M, Agarwal A, Ruchika KG. Evaluation of subacute toxicity of methanolic/aqueous preparation of aerial parts of O. sanctum in Wistar rats: Clinical, haematological, biochemical and histopathological studies. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2015 Dec 4;175:509-17.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
M.Revathi
Research scholar, The TN.Dr..MGR Medical University, Chennai.
G.Subash Chandran
Associate professor, Department of Pothu Maruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College,
Palayamkottai.
Uma Kullappan Shanmugam
Associate Professor, Department of Siddha, The Tamil Nadu Dr.MGR Medical University,
Chennai.