GROSS OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN PATIENTS WITH SCROTAL PATHOLOGY IN REFERENCE TO THEIR CLINICAL EXAMINATION, ULTRASONOGRAPHIC AND CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS
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Keywords
Scrotal Pathology, Clinical Examination, Ultrasonographic, Clinicopathological Findings
Abstract
Objective: To study the nature, type, and clinical presentation of various scrotal pathologies at our centre, and to determine whether clinical examination findings correlate with ultrasonographic results and any associated causes.
Methods: This was a gross observational prospective study involving 119 patients recruited from the Department of General Surgery at Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore. Patients were evaluated for scrotal pathologies through clinical examination of both sides of the scrotum, ultrasonography, and clinicopathological investigations (blood tests, urine routine, and microscopy). The study was conducted from December 2022 to May 2025.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.13 ± 11.64 years. Most participants were in the age group of 21–30 years (31.1%), followed by 31–40 years (29.4%), <20 years (26.1%), 41–50 years (7.6%), 51–60 years (5.0%), and 61–70 years (0.8%). Positive urine culture was observed in 68% of participants, of whom 86.7% were diagnosed with inflammatory pathology. Epididymo-orchitis was the most common scrotal pathology (43.7%), followed by hydrocele (22.7%).
Conclusion: Scrotal pathologies are commonly encountered in general surgical practice and are associated with low mortality. In this study, the most common scrotal pathology was epididymo-orchitis, followed by hydrocele. Clinical examination in benign scrotal pathologies correlated well with ultrasonographic findings; hence, ultrasonography may not be necessary in all cases. However, radiological imaging is recommended in cases where clinical findings do not correlate with age or duration of illness.
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Nikhita P
III Year Postgraduate, Department of General Surgery, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore
Venkatakrishna BR
Professor & Head, Department of General Surgery, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore
Sagar Kannavar
Professor, Department of General Surgery, Chitradurga
Panindra Pilli
Consultant Surgeon, Department of General Surgery, Hospet