P16 EXPRESSION IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA IN TWIN CITIES HOSPITALS
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Keywords
Oral squamous cell carcinoma, p16 expression, HPV, prognosis, immunohistochemistry.
Abstract
Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent head and neck cancer, with p16 expression serving as a key prognostic biomarker, particularly in HPV-related cases. Its role in OSCC staging and prognosis remains critical, especially in regions like Pakistan with unique risk factor profiles
Objective: To evaluate p16 expression patterns across different stages of OSCC in patients from twin cities’ hospitals in Pakistan and assess its prognostic significance.
Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study, conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Science (PIMS), Islamabad in the duration from January 2024 to December 2024, included 80 treatment-naïve OSCC patients. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were analyzed using immunohistochemistry for p16 expression, correlated with clinical stage and histological grade. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (p<0.05).
Results: Of 80 cases (mean age 54.2 years, 70% male), p16 positivity was observed in 51.25%, predominantly in early-stage (Stage I: 87.5%, Stage II: 65.2%) and well-differentiated tumors (81.2%). Advanced stages (III–IV) and poorly differentiated tumors showed lower p16 expression (p<0.05).
Conclusion: P16 expression is significantly associated with early-stage and well-differentiated OSCC, indicating its potential as a prognostic biomarker for improved patient stratification and treatment planning.
References
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Dr. Qurat ul Ain
Associate Professor/ HOD, Community Dentistry Department, Abbottabad International Dental College, Abbottabad,
Dr Saba Khan
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Hamdard University Dental Hospital
Dr Wajahat Ghafoor Chaudary
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Foundation University College of Dentistry, Foundation University, Islamabad,
Dr Rafey Ahmad Jameel
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
Dr Shah Salman Khan
Associate Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Bashir College of Dentistry, Islamabad
Dr S.M Faran Ali
Assistant Professor and HOD, Department of Oral Pathology, Sir Syed College of Medical Science, Karachi, Pakistan.