INVESTIGATION OF ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE, INCLUDING HYPOKALEMIA, IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LONG-TERM INSULIN THERAPY VERSUS ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS
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Keywords
Electrolyte Imbalance, Hypokalemia, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin.
Abstract
The electrolyte disturbances occurring in DM and describes possible underlying mechanisms . This insight should pave the way for pathophysiology-directed therapy, possibly contributing to the avoidance of several deleterious effects associated with electrolyte disorders and their treatment. Diabetes mellitus is a serious disorder that is widespread globally. It is a significant health issue and one of the fastest-growing metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to examine electrolyte imbalance, namely Hypokalemia caused by exogenous Insulin in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A total of 100 patients were included in this investigation. This study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine, Sri Venkateswaraa Medical College Hospital and Research, Pondicherry. India. The study was conducted from July 2020 to December 2021. This study is an observational, comparative, cross-sectional study comparing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients on long-term insulin therapy and oral hypoglycemic medications with patients solely on oral hypoglycemic agents. This study analysed electrolyte imbalance, namely hypokalemia, in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were treated with insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents. 100 patients were placed into two groups for the trial. One group consisted of 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were taking insulin plus oral hypoglycemic agents, whereas the other group included 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were only taking oral hypoglycemic agents. The age bracket mentioned spans from 40 to 80 years. There were more patients aged 51-60 years in the age distribution, while female patients slightly outnumbered male patients in the sex distribution. Electrolyte imbalance is markedly present in patients with uncontrolled blood sugars therefore serum electrolytes should be routinely measured in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In order to prevent problems and improve quality of life, the use of exogenous insulin should be restricted to acceptable indications, doses, and frequent monitoring of serum potassium.
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Dr. Shraddha Sanghani
Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Kirumampakkam, Bahour Commune Panchayat, Puducherry – 607402