A STUDY ON RISK FACTORS OF HAEMORRHOIDAL DISEASE AMONG ADULTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF VIDISHA, INDIA
Main Article Content
Keywords
Haemorrhoidal disease, Constipation, Fiber intake, Sedentary lifestyle, Risk factors etc.
Abstract
Background:
Haemorrhoidal disease is one of the most common anorectal conditions, affecting a substantial proportion of the adult population. Despite its high prevalence, regional data from semi-urban Indian settings remain limited. This study aimed to assess the sociodemographic and lifestyle-related risk factors associated with haemorrhoidal disease among adults attending a tertiary care centre in Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh.
Methods:
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over 12 months at Atal Bihari Vajpayi Government Medical College, Vidisha. A total of 240 adult patients clinically diagnosed with haemorrhoidal disease were enrolled. Data on demographics, bowel habits, diet, lifestyle, and clinical grading of haemorrhoids were collected using structured interviews and physical examinations. Associations between risk factors and disease severity were analyzed using chi-square tests, with a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results:
The mean age of participants was 44.8 years, with the highest prevalence in the 41–50 year age group. Males constituted 62.1% of the study population. Grade II haemorrhoids were the most common (42.9%). Chronic constipation (57.5%), low dietary fiber intake (69.6%), and sedentary lifestyle (59.6%) were the most prevalent risk factors. These factors were significantly associated with higher disease severity (p < 0.05). Other factors such as smoking, alcohol use, and obesity showed no significant correlation with severity.
Conclusion:
Haemorrhoidal disease in this population is strongly associated with modifiable lifestyle factors, particularly constipation, low fiber diet, and inactivity. These findings highlight the need for public health interventions promoting dietary changes and physical activity. Early education and preventive strategies can reduce disease burden and improve outcomes. Further multi-centric studies are recommended to validate these findings and guide region-specific management approaches.
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Dr. Pradeep Balmiki
Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayi Government Medical College in Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, India
Dr. Akash Jain
Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayi Government Medical College in Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, India
Dr. Govind Kushwah
Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayi Government Medical College in Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, India