IMPACT OF MECONIUM-STAINED AMNIOTIC FLUID ON MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN TERM PREGNANCIES: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN NORTH INDIA
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Keywords
Meconium-stained amniotic fluid, Meconium aspiration syndrome, Perinatal outcomes, Cesarean section, NICU admission, Term pregnancy
Abstract
Background: Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is a common finding in term pregnancies and is associated with increased risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, particularly when meconium is thick. Early identification and appropriate management are crucial to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Objectives: To evaluate maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with meconium-stained amniotic fluid in term pregnancies and to assess the impact of meconium consistency on these outcomes.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India from May 2013 to November 2013, including 68 term pregnant women with MSAF. Data were collected using a structured proforma. Maternal outcomes such as mode of delivery and intrapartum complications, and perinatal outcomes including Apgar scores, NICU admission, and meconium aspiration syndrome were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Among 68 participants, 58.8% had thin meconium and 41.2% had thick meconium. Cesarean section rate was 38.2%, with significantly higher rates in the thick meconium group. Low Apgar score at 5 minutes was observed in 14.7% of neonates. NICU admission was required in 26.5% of cases, and meconium aspiration syndrome occurred in 8.8%. Thick meconium was significantly associated with low Apgar scores (p<0.05), increased NICU admissions (p<0.05), and higher incidence of MAS (p<0.05).
Conclusion: MSAF, particularly thick meconium, is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and higher operative delivery rates. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential to improve neonatal outcomes.
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